Lmrs.java
package org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.lmrs;
import org.djunits.value.vdouble.scalar.Duration;
import org.djunits.value.vdouble.scalar.Length;
import org.djunits.value.vdouble.scalar.Speed;
import org.djutils.draw.point.DirectedPoint2d;
import org.opentrafficsim.base.DistancedObject;
import org.opentrafficsim.base.parameters.ParameterException;
import org.opentrafficsim.base.parameters.ParameterTypes;
import org.opentrafficsim.core.gtu.GtuException;
import org.opentrafficsim.core.gtu.TurnIndicatorStatus;
import org.opentrafficsim.core.gtu.plan.operational.OperationalPlan;
import org.opentrafficsim.core.network.NetworkException;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.LaneBasedGtu;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.operational.LaneOperationalPlanBuilder;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.operational.SimpleOperationalPlan;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.perception.LanePerception;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.perception.RelativeLane;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.Blockable;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.Synchronizable;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.TacticalContextEgo;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.WithDesiredSpeed;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.following.CarFollowingModel;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.util.DeadEndUtil;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.util.LaneChangeNotAllowedUtil;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.util.lmrs.Cooperation;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.util.lmrs.GapAcceptance;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.util.lmrs.LmrsData;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.util.lmrs.LmrsParameters;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.util.lmrs.LmrsUtil;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.util.lmrs.Synchronization;
import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.tactical.util.lmrs.Tailgating;
/**
* Implementation of the LMRS (Lane change Model with Relaxation and Synchronization). See Schakel, W.J., Knoop, V.L., and Van
* Arem, B. (2012), <a href="http://victorknoop.eu/research/papers/TRB2012_LMRS_reviewed.pdf">LMRS: Integrated Lane Change Model
* with Relaxation and Synchronization</a>, Transportation Research Records: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No.
* 2316, pp. 47-57. Note in the official versions of TRB and TRR some errors appeared due to the typesetting of the papers (not
* in the preprint provided here). A list of errata for the official versions is found
* <a href="http://victorknoop.eu/research/papers/Erratum_LMRS.pdf">here</a>.
* <p>
* Copyright (c) 2013-2026 Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5, 2600 AA, Delft, the Netherlands. All rights reserved. <br>
* BSD-style license. See <a href="https://opentrafficsim.org/docs/license.html">OpenTrafficSim License</a>.
* </p>
* @author Wouter Schakel
*/
public class Lmrs extends AbstractIncentivesTacticalPlanner implements Synchronizable, Blockable, WithDesiredSpeed
{
/** Deviation object in case of no desired deviation. */
private static final DistancedObject<Length> NO_DEVIATION = new DistancedObject<>(Length.ZERO, Length.ZERO);
/** LMRS data. */
private final LmrsData lmrsData;
/**
* Constructor setting the car-following model.
* @param carFollowingModel car-following model
* @param gtu GTU
* @param lanePerception perception
* @param synchronization type of synchronization
* @param cooperation type of cooperation
* @param gapAcceptance gap-acceptance
* @param tailgating tailgating
*/
public Lmrs(final CarFollowingModel carFollowingModel, final LaneBasedGtu gtu, final LanePerception lanePerception,
final Synchronization synchronization, final Cooperation cooperation, final GapAcceptance gapAcceptance,
final Tailgating tailgating)
{
super(carFollowingModel, gtu, lanePerception);
this.lmrsData = new LmrsData(synchronization, cooperation, gapAcceptance, tailgating);
}
@Override
public OperationalPlan generateOperationalPlan(final Duration startTime, final DirectedPoint2d locationAtStartTime)
throws GtuException, NetworkException, ParameterException
{
// create tactical context
TacticalContextEgo context = new TacticalContextEgo(getGtu());
// LMRS
SimpleOperationalPlan simplePlan = LmrsUtil.determinePlan(context, this.lmrsData, this);
// lower acceleration from additional sources, consider adjacent lane when changing lane or synchronizing
RelativeLane[] lanes;
double dLeft = context.getParameters().getParameter(LmrsParameters.DLEFT);
double dRight = context.getParameters().getParameter(LmrsParameters.DRIGHT);
double dSync = context.getParameters().getParameter(LmrsParameters.DSYNC);
if (dLeft >= dSync && dLeft >= dRight)
{
lanes = new RelativeLane[] {RelativeLane.CURRENT, RelativeLane.LEFT};
}
else if (dRight >= dSync)
{
lanes = new RelativeLane[] {RelativeLane.CURRENT, RelativeLane.RIGHT};
}
else
{
lanes = new RelativeLane[] {RelativeLane.CURRENT};
}
for (RelativeLane lane : lanes)
{
if (getPerception().getLaneStructure().getRootCrossSection().contains(lane))
{
// On the current lane, consider all incentives. On adjacent lanes only consider incentives beyond the distance
// over which a lane change is not yet possible, i.e. the merge distance.
// TODO: consider route in incentives (only if not on current lane?)
Length mergeDistance = lane.isCurrent() ? Length.ZERO
: Synchronization.getMergeDistance(getPerception(), lane.getLateralDirectionality());
simplePlan.minimizeAcceleration(getAcceleration(context, lane, mergeDistance));
}
}
// deal with dead-end situations and lane changes that are not allowed
simplePlan = LaneChangeNotAllowedUtil.preventLaneChange(context, DeadEndUtil.dealWithDeadEnd(context, simplePlan));
// set turn indicator
context.getIntent(TurnIndicatorStatus.class).ifPresentOrElse((d) -> getGtu().setTurnIndicatorStatus(d.object()),
() -> getGtu().setTurnIndicatorStatus(TurnIndicatorStatus.NONE));
// create plan
return LaneOperationalPlanBuilder.buildPlanFromSimplePlan(getGtu(), simplePlan,
getGtu().getParameters().getParameter(ParameterTypes.LCDUR),
context.getIntent(Length.class).orElse(NO_DEVIATION));
}
@Override
public Synchronizable.State getSynchronizationState()
{
return this.lmrsData.getSynchronizationState();
}
@Override
public boolean isBlocking()
{
for (AccelerationIncentive acc : getAccelerationIncentives())
{
if (acc instanceof AccelerationConflicts)
{
return ((AccelerationConflicts) acc).isBlocking();
}
}
return false;
}
@Override
public Speed getDesiredSpeed()
{
return this.lmrsData.getDesiredSpeed();
}
@Override
public String toString()
{
return "LMRS [mandatoryIncentives=" + getMandatoryIncentives() + ", voluntaryIncentives=" + getVoluntaryIncentives()
+ ", accelerationIncentives = " + getAccelerationIncentives() + "]";
}
}