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1   package org.opentrafficsim.demo.carFollowing;
2   
3   import static org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.RoadGTUTypes.CAR;
4   
5   import java.awt.Container;
6   import java.awt.Frame;
7   import java.rmi.RemoteException;
8   import java.util.ArrayList;
9   import java.util.HashSet;
10  import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
11  import java.util.List;
12  import java.util.Random;
13  import java.util.Set;
14  
15  import javax.naming.NamingException;
16  import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
17  
18  import org.djunits.unit.UNITS;
19  import org.djunits.value.vdouble.scalar.Acceleration;
20  import org.djunits.value.vdouble.scalar.Duration;
21  import org.djunits.value.vdouble.scalar.Length;
22  import org.djunits.value.vdouble.scalar.Speed;
23  import org.djunits.value.vdouble.scalar.Time;
24  import org.opentrafficsim.base.modelproperties.BooleanProperty;
25  import org.opentrafficsim.base.modelproperties.CompoundProperty;
26  import org.opentrafficsim.base.modelproperties.ContinuousProperty;
27  import org.opentrafficsim.base.modelproperties.IntegerProperty;
28  import org.opentrafficsim.base.modelproperties.ProbabilityDistributionProperty;
29  import org.opentrafficsim.base.modelproperties.Property;
30  import org.opentrafficsim.base.modelproperties.PropertyException;
31  import org.opentrafficsim.base.modelproperties.SelectionProperty;
32  import org.opentrafficsim.core.dsol.OTSDEVSSimulatorInterface;
33  import org.opentrafficsim.core.dsol.OTSModelInterface;
34  import org.opentrafficsim.core.dsol.OTSSimTimeDouble;
35  import org.opentrafficsim.core.geometry.OTSGeometryException;
36  import org.opentrafficsim.core.geometry.OTSPoint3D;
37  import org.opentrafficsim.core.gtu.GTUDirectionality;
38  import org.opentrafficsim.core.gtu.GTUException;
39  import org.opentrafficsim.core.gtu.GTUType;
40  import org.opentrafficsim.core.gtu.animation.GTUColorer;
41  import org.opentrafficsim.core.gtu.behavioralcharacteristics.BehavioralCharacteristics;
42  import org.opentrafficsim.core.network.LongitudinalDirectionality;
43  import org.opentrafficsim.core.network.NetworkException;
44  import org.opentrafficsim.core.network.OTSNetwork;
45  import org.opentrafficsim.core.network.OTSNode;
46  import org.opentrafficsim.core.network.route.Route;
47  import org.opentrafficsim.graphs.AccelerationContourPlot;
48  import org.opentrafficsim.graphs.ContourPlot;
49  import org.opentrafficsim.graphs.DensityContourPlot;
50  import org.opentrafficsim.graphs.FlowContourPlot;
51  import org.opentrafficsim.graphs.LaneBasedGTUSampler;
52  import org.opentrafficsim.graphs.SpeedContourPlot;
53  import org.opentrafficsim.graphs.TrajectoryPlot;
54  import org.opentrafficsim.road.animation.AnimationToggles;
55  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.animation.DefaultCarAnimation;
56  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.LaneBasedIndividualGTU;
57  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.tactical.LaneBasedCFLCTacticalPlannerFactory;
58  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.tactical.LaneBasedGTUFollowingDirectedChangeTacticalPlannerFactory;
59  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.tactical.following.AbstractIDM;
60  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.tactical.following.GTUFollowingModelOld;
61  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.tactical.following.IDMOld;
62  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.tactical.following.IDMPlusFactory;
63  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.tactical.following.IDMPlusOld;
64  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.tactical.lanechangemobil.AbstractLaneChangeModel;
65  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.tactical.lanechangemobil.Altruistic;
66  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.tactical.lanechangemobil.Egoistic;
67  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.tactical.lmrs.LMRSFactory;
68  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.lane.tactical.toledo.ToledoFactory;
69  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.strategical.LaneBasedStrategicalPlanner;
70  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.strategical.LaneBasedStrategicalPlannerFactory;
71  import org.opentrafficsim.road.gtu.strategical.route.LaneBasedStrategicalRoutePlannerFactory;
72  import org.opentrafficsim.road.modelproperties.IDMPropertySet;
73  import org.opentrafficsim.road.network.factory.LaneFactory;
74  import org.opentrafficsim.road.network.lane.DirectedLanePosition;
75  import org.opentrafficsim.road.network.lane.Lane;
76  import org.opentrafficsim.road.network.lane.LaneType;
77  import org.opentrafficsim.simulationengine.AbstractWrappableAnimation;
78  import org.opentrafficsim.simulationengine.OTSSimulationException;
79  import org.opentrafficsim.simulationengine.SimpleSimulatorInterface;
80  
81  import nl.tudelft.simulation.dsol.SimRuntimeException;
82  import nl.tudelft.simulation.dsol.gui.swing.TablePanel;
83  import nl.tudelft.simulation.dsol.simulators.SimulatorInterface;
84  
85  /**
86   * Circular road simulation demo.
87   * <p>
88   * Copyright (c) 2013-2016 Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5, 2600 AA, Delft, the Netherlands. All rights reserved. <br>
89   * BSD-style license. See <a href="http://opentrafficsim.org/docs/license.html">OpenTrafficSim License</a>.
90   * <p>
91   * $LastChangedDate: 2016-12-13 02:02:22 +0100 (Tue, 13 Dec 2016) $, @version $Revision: 2930 $, by $Author: wjschakel $,
92   * initial version 21 nov. 2014 <br>
93   * @author <a href="http://www.tudelft.nl/pknoppers">Peter Knoppers</a>
94   */
95  public class CircularRoad extends AbstractWrappableAnimation implements UNITS
96  {
97      /** */
98      private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
99  
100     /** The model. */
101     private RoadSimulationModel model;
102 
103     /**
104      * Create a CircularRoad simulation.
105      * @throws PropertyException when a property is not handled
106      */
107     public CircularRoad() throws PropertyException
108     {
109         this.properties.add(new SelectionProperty("LaneChanging", "Lane changing",
110                 "<html>The lane change strategies vary in politeness.<br>"
111                         + "Two types are implemented:<ul><li>Egoistic (looks only at personal gain).</li>"
112                         + "<li>Altruistic (assigns effect on new and current follower the same weight as "
113                         + "the personal gain).</html>",
114                 new String[] { "Egoistic", "Altruistic" }, 0, false, 500));
115         this.properties.add(new SelectionProperty("TacticalPlanner", "Tactical planner",
116                 "<html>The tactical planner determines if a lane change is desired and possible.</html>",
117                 new String[] { "IDM", "MOBIL/IDM", "DIRECTED/IDM", "LMRS", "Toledo" }, 1, false, 600));
118         this.properties.add(new IntegerProperty("TrackLength", "Track length", "Circumference of the track", 2000, 500, 6000,
119                 "Track length %dm", false, 10));
120         this.properties.add(new ContinuousProperty("MeanDensity", "Mean density", "Number of vehicles per km", 40.0, 5.0, 45.0,
121                 "Density %.1f veh/km", false, 11));
122         this.properties.add(new ContinuousProperty("DensityVariability", "Density variability",
123                 "Variability of the number of vehicles per km", 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, "%.1f", false, 12));
124         List<Property<?>> outputProperties = new ArrayList<Property<?>>();
125         for (int lane = 1; lane <= 2; lane++)
126         {
127             String laneId = String.format("Lane %d ", lane);
128             outputProperties.add(new BooleanProperty(laneId + "Density", laneId + " Density", laneId + "Density contour plot",
129                     true, false, 0));
130             outputProperties
131                     .add(new BooleanProperty(laneId + "Flow", laneId + " Flow", laneId + "Flow contour plot", true, false, 1));
132             outputProperties.add(
133                     new BooleanProperty(laneId + "Speed", laneId + " Speed", laneId + "Speed contour plot", true, false, 2));
134             outputProperties.add(new BooleanProperty(laneId + "Acceleration", laneId + " Acceleration",
135                     laneId + "Acceleration contour plot", true, false, 3));
136             outputProperties.add(new BooleanProperty(laneId + "Fixed Sample Rate Trajectories", laneId + " FSR Trajectories",
137                     laneId + "Trajectory (time/distance) diagram", true, false, 4));
138             outputProperties.add(new BooleanProperty(laneId + "Variable Sample Rate Trajectories", laneId + " VSR Trajectories",
139                     laneId + "Trajectory (time/distance) diagram", true, false, 5));
140         }
141         this.properties.add(new CompoundProperty("OutputGraphs", "Output graphs", "Select the graphical output",
142                 outputProperties, true, 1000));
143     }
144 
145     /** {@inheritDoc} */
146     @Override
147     public final void stopTimersThreads()
148     {
149         super.stopTimersThreads();
150         this.model = null;
151     }
152 
153     /**
154      * Main program.
155      * @param args String[]; the command line arguments (not used)
156      * @throws SimRuntimeException should never happen
157      */
158     public static void main(final String[] args) throws SimRuntimeException
159     {
160         SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable()
161         {
162             @Override
163             public void run()
164             {
165                 try
166                 {
167                     CircularRoad circularRoad = new CircularRoad();
168                     List<Property<?>> propertyList = circularRoad.getProperties();
169                     try
170                     {
171                         propertyList.add(new ProbabilityDistributionProperty("TrafficComposition", "Traffic composition",
172                                 "<html>Mix of passenger cars and trucks</html>", new String[] { "passenger car", "truck" },
173                                 new Double[] { 0.8, 0.2 }, false, 10));
174                     }
175                     catch (PropertyException exception)
176                     {
177                         exception.printStackTrace();
178                     }
179                     propertyList.add(new SelectionProperty("CarFollowingModel", "Car following model",
180                             "<html>The car following model determines "
181                                     + "the acceleration that a vehicle will make taking into account "
182                                     + "nearby vehicles, infrastructural restrictions (e.g. speed limit, "
183                                     + "curvature of the road) capabilities of the vehicle and personality "
184                                     + "of the driver.</html>",
185                             new String[] { "IDM", "IDM+" }, 1, false, 1));
186                     propertyList.add(IDMPropertySet.makeIDMPropertySet("IDMCar", "Car",
187                             new Acceleration(1.0, METER_PER_SECOND_2), new Acceleration(1.5, METER_PER_SECOND_2),
188                             new Length(2.0, METER), new Duration(1.0, SECOND), 2));
189                     propertyList.add(IDMPropertySet.makeIDMPropertySet("IDMTruck", "Truck",
190                             new Acceleration(0.5, METER_PER_SECOND_2), new Acceleration(1.25, METER_PER_SECOND_2),
191                             new Length(2.0, METER), new Duration(1.0, SECOND), 3));
192 
193                     circularRoad.buildAnimator(new Time(0.0, SECOND), new Duration(0.0, SECOND), new Duration(3600.0, SECOND),
194                             propertyList, null, true);
195                 }
196                 catch (SimRuntimeException | NamingException | OTSSimulationException | PropertyException exception)
197                 {
198                     exception.printStackTrace();
199                 }
200             }
201         });
202     }
203 
204     /** {@inheritDoc} */
205     @Override
206     protected final OTSModelInterface makeModel(final GTUColorer colorer)
207     {
208         this.model = new RoadSimulationModel(getSavedUserModifiedProperties(), colorer);
209         return this.model;
210     }
211 
212     /**
213      * @return the saved user properties for a next run
214      */
215     private List<Property<?>> getSavedUserModifiedProperties()
216     {
217         return this.savedUserModifiedProperties;
218     }
219 
220     /** {@inheritDoc} */
221     @Override
222     protected final void addAnimationToggles()
223     {
224         AnimationToggles.setTextAnimationTogglesStandard(this);
225     }
226 
227     /** {@inheritDoc} */
228     @Override
229     protected final void addTabs(final SimpleSimulatorInterface simulator) throws OTSSimulationException, PropertyException
230     {
231         // Make the tab with the plots
232         Property<?> output = new CompoundProperty("", "", "", this.properties, false, 0).findByKey("OutputGraphs");
233         if (null == output)
234         {
235             throw new Error("Cannot find output properties");
236         }
237         ArrayList<BooleanProperty> graphs = new ArrayList<BooleanProperty>();
238         if (output instanceof CompoundProperty)
239         {
240             CompoundProperty outputProperties = (CompoundProperty) output;
241             for (Property<?> ap : outputProperties.getValue())
242             {
243                 if (ap instanceof BooleanProperty)
244                 {
245                     BooleanProperty bp = (BooleanProperty) ap;
246                     if (bp.getValue())
247                     {
248                         graphs.add(bp);
249                     }
250                 }
251             }
252         }
253         else
254         {
255             throw new Error("output properties should be compound");
256         }
257 
258         int graphCount = graphs.size();
259         int columns = (int) Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(graphCount));
260         int rows = 0 == columns ? 0 : (int) Math.ceil(graphCount * 1.0 / columns);
261         TablePanel charts = new TablePanel(columns, rows);
262 
263         for (int i = 0; i < graphCount; i++)
264         {
265             String graphName = graphs.get(i).getKey();
266             Container container = null;
267             LaneBasedGTUSampler graph;
268             int pos = graphName.indexOf(' ') + 1;
269             String laneNumberText = graphName.substring(pos, pos + 1);
270             int lane = Integer.parseInt(laneNumberText) - 1;
271 
272             if (graphName.contains("Trajectories"))
273             {
274                 Duration sampleInterval = graphName.contains("Variable Sample Rate") ? null : new Duration(0.2, SECOND);
275                 TrajectoryPlot tp = new TrajectoryPlot(graphName, sampleInterval, this.model.getPath(lane), simulator);
276                 tp.setTitle("Trajectory Graph");
277                 tp.setExtendedState(Frame.MAXIMIZED_BOTH);
278                 graph = tp;
279                 container = tp.getContentPane();
280             }
281             else
282             {
283                 ContourPlot cp;
284                 if (graphName.contains("Density"))
285                 {
286                     cp = new DensityContourPlot(graphName, this.model.getPath(lane));
287                     cp.setTitle("Density Contour Graph");
288                 }
289                 else if (graphName.contains("Speed"))
290                 {
291                     cp = new SpeedContourPlot(graphName, this.model.getPath(lane));
292                     cp.setTitle("Speed Contour Graph");
293                 }
294                 else if (graphName.contains("Flow"))
295                 {
296                     cp = new FlowContourPlot(graphName, this.model.getPath(lane));
297                     cp.setTitle("Flow Contour Graph");
298                 }
299                 else if (graphName.contains("Acceleration"))
300                 {
301                     cp = new AccelerationContourPlot(graphName, this.model.getPath(lane));
302                     cp.setTitle("Acceleration Contour Graph");
303                 }
304                 else
305                 {
306                     throw new Error("Unhandled type of contourplot: " + graphName);
307                 }
308                 graph = cp;
309                 container = cp.getContentPane();
310             }
311             // Add the container to the matrix
312             charts.setCell(container, i % columns, i / columns);
313             this.model.getPlots().add(graph);
314         }
315         addTab(getTabCount(), "statistics", charts);
316     }
317 
318     /** {@inheritDoc} */
319     @Override
320     public final String shortName()
321     {
322         return "Circular Road simulation";
323     }
324 
325     /** {@inheritDoc} */
326     @Override
327     public final String description()
328     {
329         return "<html><h1>Circular Road simulation</h1>" + "Vehicles are unequally distributed over a two lane ring road.<br>"
330                 + "When simulation starts, all vehicles begin driving, some lane changes will occurr and some "
331                 + "shockwaves should develop.<br>"
332                 + "Trajectories and contourplots are generated during the simulation for both lanes.</html>";
333     }
334 
335 }
336 
337 /**
338  * Simulate traffic on a circular, two-lane road.
339  * <p>
340  * Copyright (c) 2013-2016 Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5, 2600 AA, Delft, the Netherlands. All rights reserved. <br>
341  * BSD-style license. See <a href="http://opentrafficsim.org/docs/license.html">OpenTrafficSim License</a>.
342  * <p>
343  * $LastChangedDate: 2016-12-13 02:02:22 +0100 (Tue, 13 Dec 2016) $, @version $Revision: 2930 $, by $Author: wjschakel $,
344  * initial version 1 nov. 2014 <br>
345  * @author <a href="http://www.tudelft.nl/pknoppers">Peter Knoppers</a>
346  */
347 class RoadSimulationModel implements OTSModelInterface, UNITS
348 {
349     /** */
350     private static final long serialVersionUID = 20141121L;
351 
352     /** The simulator. */
353     private OTSDEVSSimulatorInterface simulator;
354 
355     /** Number of cars created. */
356     private int carsCreated = 0;
357 
358     /** The car following model, e.g. IDM Plus for cars. */
359     private GTUFollowingModelOld carFollowingModelCars;
360 
361     /** The car following model, e.g. IDM Plus for trucks. */
362     private GTUFollowingModelOld carFollowingModelTrucks;
363 
364     /** The probability that the next generated GTU is a passenger car. */
365     private double carProbability;
366 
367     /** The lane change model. */
368     private AbstractLaneChangeModel laneChangeModel;
369 
370     /** Minimum distance. */
371     private Length minimumDistance = new Length(0, METER);
372 
373     /** The speed limit. */
374     private Speed speedLimit = new Speed(100, KM_PER_HOUR);
375 
376     /** The plots. */
377     private List<LaneBasedGTUSampler> plots = new ArrayList<>();
378 
379     /** User settable properties. */
380     private List<Property<?>> properties = null;
381 
382     /** The sequence of Lanes that all vehicles will follow. */
383     private List<List<Lane>> paths = new ArrayList<>();
384 
385     /** The random number generator used to decide what kind of GTU to generate. */
386     private Random randomGenerator = new Random(12345);
387 
388     /** The GTUColorer for the generated vehicles. */
389     private final GTUColorer gtuColorer;
390 
391     /** Strategical planner generator for cars. */
392     private LaneBasedStrategicalPlannerFactory<LaneBasedStrategicalPlanner> strategicalPlannerGeneratorCars = null;
393 
394     /** Strategical planner generator for cars. */
395     private LaneBasedStrategicalPlannerFactory<LaneBasedStrategicalPlanner> strategicalPlannerGeneratorTrucks = null;
396 
397     /** The OTSNetwork. */
398     private final OTSNetwork network = new OTSNetwork("network");
399 
400     /**
401      * @param properties ArrayList&lt;AbstractProperty&lt;?&gt;&gt;; the properties
402      * @param gtuColorer the default and initial GTUColorer, e.g. a DefaultSwitchableTUColorer
403      */
404     RoadSimulationModel(final List<Property<?>> properties, final GTUColorer gtuColorer)
405     {
406         this.properties = properties;
407         this.gtuColorer = gtuColorer;
408     }
409 
410     /**
411      * @param index int; the rank number of the path
412      * @return List&lt;Lane&gt;; the set of lanes for the specified index
413      */
414     public List<Lane> getPath(final int index)
415     {
416         return this.paths.get(index);
417     }
418 
419     /** {@inheritDoc} */
420     @Override
421     public void constructModel(final SimulatorInterface<Time, Duration, OTSSimTimeDouble> theSimulator)
422             throws SimRuntimeException, RemoteException
423     {
424         final int laneCount = 2;
425         for (int laneIndex = 0; laneIndex < laneCount; laneIndex++)
426         {
427             this.paths.add(new ArrayList<Lane>());
428         }
429         this.simulator = (OTSDEVSSimulatorInterface) theSimulator;
430         double radius = 6000 / 2 / Math.PI;
431         double headway = 40;
432         double headwayVariability = 0;
433         try
434         {
435 
436             // Get car-following model name
437             String carFollowingModelName = null;
438             CompoundProperty propertyContainer = new CompoundProperty("", "", "", this.properties, false, 0);
439             Property<?> cfmp = propertyContainer.findByKey("CarFollowingModel");
440             if (null == cfmp)
441             {
442                 throw new Error("Cannot find \"Car following model\" property");
443             }
444             if (cfmp instanceof SelectionProperty)
445             {
446                 carFollowingModelName = ((SelectionProperty) cfmp).getValue();
447             }
448             else
449             {
450                 throw new Error("\"Car following model\" property has wrong type");
451             }
452 
453             // Get car-following model parameter
454             for (Property<?> ap : new CompoundProperty("", "", "", this.properties, false, 0))
455             {
456                 if (ap instanceof CompoundProperty)
457                 {
458                     CompoundProperty cp = (CompoundProperty) ap;
459                     System.out.println("Checking compound property " + cp);
460                     if (ap.getKey().contains("IDM"))
461                     {
462                         System.out.println("Car following model name appears to be " + ap.getKey());
463                         Acceleration a = IDMPropertySet.getA(cp);
464                         Acceleration b = IDMPropertySet.getB(cp);
465                         Length s0 = IDMPropertySet.getS0(cp);
466                         Duration tSafe = IDMPropertySet.getTSafe(cp);
467                         GTUFollowingModelOld gtuFollowingModel = null;
468                         if (carFollowingModelName.equals("IDM"))
469                         {
470                             gtuFollowingModel = new IDMOld(a, b, s0, tSafe, 1.0);
471                         }
472                         else if (carFollowingModelName.equals("IDM+"))
473                         {
474                             gtuFollowingModel = new IDMPlusOld(a, b, s0, tSafe, 1.0);
475                         }
476                         else
477                         {
478                             throw new Error("Unknown gtu following model: " + carFollowingModelName);
479                         }
480                         if (ap.getKey().contains("Car"))
481                         {
482                             this.carFollowingModelCars = gtuFollowingModel;
483                         }
484                         else if (ap.getKey().contains("Truck"))
485                         {
486                             this.carFollowingModelTrucks = gtuFollowingModel;
487                         }
488                         else
489                         {
490                             throw new Error("Cannot determine gtu type for " + ap.getKey());
491                         }
492                     }
493                 }
494             }
495 
496             // Get lane change model
497             cfmp = propertyContainer.findByKey("LaneChanging");
498             if (null == cfmp)
499             {
500                 throw new Error("Cannot find \"Lane changing\" property");
501             }
502             if (cfmp instanceof SelectionProperty)
503             {
504                 String laneChangeModelName = ((SelectionProperty) cfmp).getValue();
505                 if ("Egoistic".equals(laneChangeModelName))
506                 {
507                     this.laneChangeModel = new Egoistic();
508                 }
509                 else if ("Altruistic".equals(laneChangeModelName))
510                 {
511                     this.laneChangeModel = new Altruistic();
512                 }
513                 else
514                 {
515                     throw new Error("Lane changing " + laneChangeModelName + " not implemented");
516                 }
517             }
518             else
519             {
520                 throw new Error("\"Lane changing\" property has wrong type");
521             }
522 
523             // Get remaining properties
524             for (Property<?> ap : new CompoundProperty("", "", "", this.properties, false, 0))
525             {
526                 if (ap instanceof SelectionProperty)
527                 {
528                     SelectionProperty sp = (SelectionProperty) ap;
529                     if ("TacticalPlanner".equals(sp.getKey()))
530                     {
531                         String tacticalPlannerName = sp.getValue();
532                         if ("MOBIL/IDM".equals(tacticalPlannerName))
533                         {
534                             this.strategicalPlannerGeneratorCars = new LaneBasedStrategicalRoutePlannerFactory(
535                                     new LaneBasedCFLCTacticalPlannerFactory(this.carFollowingModelCars, this.laneChangeModel));
536                             this.strategicalPlannerGeneratorTrucks =
537                                     new LaneBasedStrategicalRoutePlannerFactory(new LaneBasedCFLCTacticalPlannerFactory(
538                                             this.carFollowingModelTrucks, this.laneChangeModel));
539                         }
540                         else if ("DIRECTED/IDM".equals(tacticalPlannerName))
541                         {
542                             this.strategicalPlannerGeneratorCars = new LaneBasedStrategicalRoutePlannerFactory(
543                                     new LaneBasedGTUFollowingDirectedChangeTacticalPlannerFactory(this.carFollowingModelCars));
544                             this.strategicalPlannerGeneratorTrucks = new LaneBasedStrategicalRoutePlannerFactory(
545                                     new LaneBasedGTUFollowingDirectedChangeTacticalPlannerFactory(
546                                             this.carFollowingModelTrucks));
547                         }
548                         else if ("LMRS".equals(tacticalPlannerName))
549                         {
550                             // provide default parameters with the car-following model
551                             BehavioralCharacteristics defaultBehavioralCFCharacteristics = new BehavioralCharacteristics();
552                             defaultBehavioralCFCharacteristics.setDefaultParameters(AbstractIDM.class);
553                             this.strategicalPlannerGeneratorCars = new LaneBasedStrategicalRoutePlannerFactory(
554                                     new LMRSFactory(new IDMPlusFactory(), defaultBehavioralCFCharacteristics));
555                             this.strategicalPlannerGeneratorTrucks = new LaneBasedStrategicalRoutePlannerFactory(
556                                     new LMRSFactory(new IDMPlusFactory(), defaultBehavioralCFCharacteristics));
557                         }
558                         else if ("Toledo".equals(tacticalPlannerName))
559                         {
560                             this.strategicalPlannerGeneratorCars =
561                                     new LaneBasedStrategicalRoutePlannerFactory(new ToledoFactory());
562                             this.strategicalPlannerGeneratorTrucks =
563                                     new LaneBasedStrategicalRoutePlannerFactory(new ToledoFactory());
564                         }
565                         else
566                         {
567                             throw new Error("Don't know how to create a " + tacticalPlannerName + " tactical planner");
568                         }
569                     }
570                 }
571                 else if (ap instanceof ProbabilityDistributionProperty)
572                 {
573                     ProbabilityDistributionProperty pdp = (ProbabilityDistributionProperty) ap;
574                     if (ap.getKey().equals("TrafficComposition"))
575                     {
576                         this.carProbability = pdp.getValue()[0];
577                     }
578                 }
579                 else if (ap instanceof IntegerProperty)
580                 {
581                     IntegerProperty ip = (IntegerProperty) ap;
582                     if ("TrackLength".equals(ip.getKey()))
583                     {
584                         radius = ip.getValue() / 2 / Math.PI;
585                     }
586                 }
587                 else if (ap instanceof ContinuousProperty)
588                 {
589                     ContinuousProperty cp = (ContinuousProperty) ap;
590                     if (cp.getKey().equals("MeanDensity"))
591                     {
592                         headway = 1000 / cp.getValue();
593                     }
594                     if (cp.getKey().equals("DensityVariability"))
595                     {
596                         headwayVariability = cp.getValue();
597                     }
598                 }
599                 else if (ap instanceof CompoundProperty)
600                 {
601                     if (ap.getKey().equals("OutputGraphs"))
602                     {
603                         continue; // Output settings are handled elsewhere
604                     }
605                 }
606             }
607             GTUType gtuType = CAR;
608             Set<GTUType> compatibility = new HashSet<GTUType>();
609             compatibility.add(gtuType);
610             LaneType laneType = new LaneType("CarLane", compatibility);
611             OTSNode start = new OTSNode(this.network, "Start", new OTSPoint3D(radius, 0, 0));
612             OTSNode halfway = new OTSNode(this.network, "Halfway", new OTSPoint3D(-radius, 0, 0));
613 
614             OTSPoint3D[] coordsHalf1 = new OTSPoint3D[127];
615             for (int i = 0; i < coordsHalf1.length; i++)
616             {
617                 double angle = Math.PI * (1 + i) / (1 + coordsHalf1.length);
618                 coordsHalf1[i] = new OTSPoint3D(radius * Math.cos(angle), radius * Math.sin(angle), 0);
619             }
620             Lane[] lanes1 = LaneFactory.makeMultiLane(this.network, "FirstHalf", start, halfway, coordsHalf1, laneCount,
621                     laneType, this.speedLimit, this.simulator, LongitudinalDirectionality.DIR_PLUS);
622             OTSPoint3D[] coordsHalf2 = new OTSPoint3D[127];
623             for (int i = 0; i < coordsHalf2.length; i++)
624             {
625                 double angle = Math.PI + Math.PI * (1 + i) / (1 + coordsHalf2.length);
626                 coordsHalf2[i] = new OTSPoint3D(radius * Math.cos(angle), radius * Math.sin(angle), 0);
627             }
628             Lane[] lanes2 = LaneFactory.makeMultiLane(this.network, "SecondHalf", halfway, start, coordsHalf2, laneCount,
629                     laneType, this.speedLimit, this.simulator, LongitudinalDirectionality.DIR_PLUS);
630             for (int laneIndex = 0; laneIndex < laneCount; laneIndex++)
631             {
632                 this.paths.get(laneIndex).add(lanes1[laneIndex]);
633                 this.paths.get(laneIndex).add(lanes2[laneIndex]);
634             }
635             // Put the (not very evenly spaced) cars on the track
636             double variability = (headway - 20) * headwayVariability;
637             System.out.println("headway is " + headway + " variability limit is " + variability);
638             Random random = new Random(12345);
639             for (int laneIndex = 0; laneIndex < laneCount; laneIndex++)
640             {
641                 double lane1Length = lanes1[laneIndex].getLength().getSI();
642                 double trackLength = lane1Length + lanes2[laneIndex].getLength().getSI();
643                 for (double pos = 0; pos <= trackLength - headway - variability;)
644                 {
645                     Lane lane = pos >= lane1Length ? lanes2[laneIndex] : lanes1[laneIndex];
646                     // Actual headway is uniformly distributed around headway
647                     double laneRelativePos = pos > lane1Length ? pos - lane1Length : pos;
648                     double actualHeadway = headway + (random.nextDouble() * 2 - 1) * variability;
649                     // System.out.println(lane + ", len=" + lane.getLength() + ", pos=" + laneRelativePos);
650                     generateCar(new Length(laneRelativePos, METER), lane, gtuType);
651                     pos += actualHeadway;
652                 }
653             }
654             // Schedule regular updates of the graph
655             this.simulator.scheduleEventAbs(new Time(9.999, SECOND), this, this, "drawGraphs", null);
656         }
657         catch (SimRuntimeException | NamingException | NetworkException | GTUException | OTSGeometryException
658                 | PropertyException exception)
659         {
660             exception.printStackTrace();
661         }
662     }
663 
664     /**
665      * Notify the contour plots that the underlying data has changed.
666      */
667     protected final void drawGraphs()
668     {
669         for (LaneBasedGTUSampler plot : this.plots)
670         {
671             plot.reGraph();
672         }
673         // Re schedule this method
674         try
675         {
676             this.simulator.scheduleEventAbs(new Time(this.simulator.getSimulatorTime().get().getSI() + 10, SECOND), this, this,
677                     "drawGraphs", null);
678         }
679         catch (SimRuntimeException exception)
680         {
681             exception.printStackTrace();
682         }
683 
684     }
685 
686     /**
687      * Generate one car.
688      * @param initialPosition Length; the initial position of the new cars
689      * @param lane Lane; the lane on which the new cars are placed
690      * @param gtuType GTUType&lt;String&gt;; the type of the new cars
691      * @throws NamingException on ???
692      * @throws SimRuntimeException cannot happen
693      * @throws NetworkException on network inconsistency
694      * @throws GTUException when something goes wrong during construction of the car
695      * @throws OTSGeometryException when the initial position is outside the center line of the lane
696      */
697     protected final void generateCar(final Length initialPosition, final Lane lane, final GTUType gtuType)
698             throws NamingException, NetworkException, SimRuntimeException, GTUException, OTSGeometryException
699     {
700 
701         // GTU itself
702         boolean generateTruck = this.randomGenerator.nextDouble() > this.carProbability;
703         Length vehicleLength = new Length(generateTruck ? 15 : 4, METER);
704         LaneBasedIndividualGTU gtu = new LaneBasedIndividualGTU("" + (++this.carsCreated), gtuType, vehicleLength,
705                 new Length(1.8, METER), new Speed(200, KM_PER_HOUR), this.simulator, this.network);
706 
707         // strategical planner
708         LaneBasedStrategicalPlanner strategicalPlanner;
709         Route route = null;
710         if (!generateTruck)
711         {
712             strategicalPlanner = this.strategicalPlannerGeneratorCars.create(gtu, route);
713         }
714         else
715         {
716             strategicalPlanner = this.strategicalPlannerGeneratorTrucks.create(gtu, route);
717         }
718 
719         // init
720         Set<DirectedLanePosition> initialPositions = new LinkedHashSet<>(1);
721         initialPositions.add(new DirectedLanePosition(lane, initialPosition, GTUDirectionality.DIR_PLUS));
722         Speed initialSpeed = new Speed(0, KM_PER_HOUR);
723         gtu.initWithAnimation(strategicalPlanner, initialPositions, initialSpeed, DefaultCarAnimation.class, this.gtuColorer);
724         // Check that the gtu is indeed at the expected position
725         /*-
726         Lane actualLane = gtu.getLanes().keySet().iterator().next();
727         if (actualLane != lane)
728         {
729             System.out.println("Newly created GTU already switched from lane" + lane + " to " + actualLane);
730         }
731         else
732         {
733             Length actualPosition = gtu.position(lane, gtu.getReference());
734             if (Math.abs(actualPosition.si - initialPosition.si) > 0.5)
735             {
736                 System.out.println("Newly created GTU jumped from " + initialPosition + " to " + actualPosition);
737             }
738             DirectedPoint actualLocation = gtu.getLocation();
739             DirectedPoint expectedLocation =
740                     lane.getCenterLine().extract(initialPosition, initialPosition.plus(new Length(0.0001, LengthUnit.METER)))
741                             .getLocation();
742             double distance = actualLocation.distance(expectedLocation);
743             if (distance > 0.5)
744             {
745                 System.out.println("Actual location of new GTU is " + actualLocation + ", expectedLocation is "
746                         + expectedLocation + " difference is " + distance + "m");
747             }
748         }
749          */
750     }
751 
752     /** {@inheritDoc} */
753     @Override
754     public SimulatorInterface<Time, Duration, OTSSimTimeDouble> getSimulator() throws RemoteException
755     {
756         return this.simulator;
757     }
758 
759     /** {@inheritDoc} */
760     @Override
761     public OTSNetwork getNetwork()
762     {
763         return this.network;
764     }
765 
766     /**
767      * @return plots
768      */
769     public final List<LaneBasedGTUSampler> getPlots()
770     {
771         return this.plots;
772     }
773 
774     /**
775      * @return minimumDistance
776      */
777     public final Length getMinimumDistance()
778     {
779         return this.minimumDistance;
780     }
781 
782     /**
783      * Stop simulation and throw an Error.
784      * @param theSimulator OTSDEVSSimulatorInterface; the simulator
785      * @param errorMessage String; the error message
786      */
787     public void stopSimulator(final OTSDEVSSimulatorInterface theSimulator, final String errorMessage)
788     {
789         System.out.println("Error: " + errorMessage);
790         try
791         {
792             if (theSimulator.isRunning())
793             {
794                 theSimulator.stop();
795             }
796         }
797         catch (SimRuntimeException exception)
798         {
799             exception.printStackTrace();
800         }
801         throw new Error(errorMessage);
802     }
803 
804 }