package org.opentrafficsim.base.geometry;
   
   import java.util.ArrayList;
   import java.util.Collections;
   import java.util.List;
   
   import org.djutils.draw.line.Polygon2d;
   import org.djutils.draw.point.Point2d;
   import org.djutils.exceptions.Throw;
  
  /**
   * Shape defined by a rounded rectangle.
   * <p>
   * Copyright (c) 2024-2024 Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5, 2600 AA, Delft, the Netherlands. All rights reserved. <br>
   * BSD-style license. See <a href="https://opentrafficsim.org/docs/license.html">OpenTrafficSim License</a>.
   * </p>
   * @author <a href="https://github.com/wjschakel">Wouter Schakel</a>
   */
  public class RoundedRectangleShape implements OtsShape
  {
  
      /** Half length along y dimension. */
      private final double dx;
  
      /** Half length along y dimension. */
      private final double dy;
  
      /** Rounding radius. */
      private final double r;
  
      /** Max x coordinate, can be lower than dx due to large r. */
      private final double maxX;
  
      /** Max y coordinate, can be lower than dy due to large r. */
      private final double maxY;
  
      /** Number of line segments in polygon representation. */
      private final int polygonSegments;
  
      /** Polygon representation. */
      private Polygon2d polygon;
  
      /**
       * Constructor.
       * @param dx complete length along x dimension.
       * @param dy complete length along y dimension.
       * @param r radius of rounding, must be positive.
       * @throws IllegalArgumentException when r is negative, or so large no net shape remains
       */
      public RoundedRectangleShape(final double dx, final double dy, final double r)
      {
          this(dx, dy, r, DEFAULT_POLYGON_SEGMENTS);
      }
  
      /**
       * Constructor.
       * @param dx complete length along x dimension.
       * @param dy complete length along y dimension.
       * @param r radius of rounding, must be positive.
       * @param polygonSegments number of segments in polygon representation.
       * @throws IllegalArgumentException when r is negative, or so large no net shape remains
       */
      public RoundedRectangleShape(final double dx, final double dy, final double r, final int polygonSegments)
      {
          /*-
           * Equation derived from r^2 = (r-dx)^2 + (r-dy^2)  [note: dx and dy here as half of input values, i.e. this.dx/this.dy]
           * 
           *                dx
           *    ___       ______
           * ^ |   ''--_ |      | dy
           * | |---------o------
           * | | r-dx  / |'.
           * r |      /  |  '.
           * | |   r/    |    \
           * | |   /     |     \
           * | | /   r-dy|      |
           * v |/________|______|
           *    <-------r------>
           */
          this.dx = Math.abs(dx) / 2.0;
          this.dy = Math.abs(dy) / 2.0;
          Throw.when(r >= this.dx + this.dy + Math.sqrt(2.0 * this.dx * this.dy), IllegalArgumentException.class,
                  "Radius makes rounded rectangle non-existent.");
          Throw.when(r < 0.0, IllegalArgumentException.class, "Radius must be positive.");
          this.r = r;
          this.maxX = this.dx - signedDistance(new Point2d(this.dx, 0.0));
          this.maxY = this.dy - signedDistance(new Point2d(0.0, this.dy));
          this.polygonSegments = polygonSegments;
      }
  
      @Override
      public double getMinX()
      {
          return -this.maxX;
      }
  
      @Override
      public double getMaxX()
      {
         return this.maxX;
     }
 
     @Override
     public double getMinY()
     {
         return -this.maxY;
     }
 
     @Override
     public double getMaxY()
     {
         return this.maxY;
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean contains(final Point2d point) throws NullPointerException
     {
         return signedDistance(point) < 0.0;
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean contains(final double x, final double y) throws NullPointerException
     {
         return contains(new Point2d(x, y));
     }
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
      * @see <a href="https://iquilezles.org/articles/distfunctions/">Signed distance functions by Inigo Quilez</a>
      */
     @Override
     public double signedDistance(final Point2d point)
     {
         double qx = Math.abs(point.x) - this.dx + this.r;
         double qy = Math.abs(point.y) - this.dy + this.r;
         return Math.hypot(Math.max(qx, 0.0), Math.max(qy, 0.0)) + Math.min(Math.max(qx, qy), 0.0) - this.r;
     }
 
     @Override
     public Polygon2d asPolygon()
     {
         if (this.polygon == null)
         {
             // calculate for top right quadrant only, others are negative or reversed copies
             int n = this.polygonSegments / 4;
             List<Point2d> pq = new ArrayList<>();
             for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
             {
                 double ang = (0.5 * Math.PI * i) / n;
                 double x = this.dx + Math.cos(ang) * this.r - this.r;
                 double y = this.dy + Math.sin(ang) * this.r - this.r;
                 if (x >= 0.0 && y >= 0.0) // else, radius larger than at least one of this.dx and this.dy, i.e. no full quarters
                 {
                     pq.add(new Point2d(x, y));
                 }
             }
 
             List<Point2d> pqReversed = new ArrayList<>(pq);
             Collections.reverse(pqReversed);
             List<Point2d> points = new ArrayList<>(pq); // top right quadrant (y = up)
             pqReversed.forEach((p) -> points.add(new Point2d(-p.x, p.y))); // top left quadrant
             pq.forEach((p) -> points.add(p.neg())); // bottom left quadrant
             pqReversed.forEach((p) -> points.add(new Point2d(p.x, -p.y))); // bottom right quadrant
             this.polygon = new Polygon2d(true, points);
         }
         return this.polygon;
     }
 
     @Override
     public String toString()
     {
         return "RoundedRectangleShape [dx=" + this.dx + ", dy=" + this.dy + ", r=" + this.r + "]";
     }
 
 }